Descubra los diferentes tipos de cerámica de nitruro de silicio y sus ventajas industriales.

There are various types of cerámica de nitruro de silicio, including sintered silicon nitride and hot-pressed silicon nitride. They vary in properties, applications, and how they resolve problems in your advanced engineering or other extreme temperature environments. This guide explores silicon nitride ceramic types, their properties, benefits, and how to select the right type for your application.

Descripción general de la cerámica de nitruro de silicio (como material cerámico avanzado)

• El nitruro de silicio es un compuesto químico (a white, high-melting-point solid comprising silicon and nitrogen elements), and is represented with the formula Si3N4.

• A Si3N4 ceramic offers your process exceptional thermal resistance, mechanical strength, and thermodynamic stability.

• Los diferentes tipos de este avanzado cerámico are each tailored to a specific use, and are often lightweight, very hard, and non-corrosive.

5 Main Types Of Silicon Nitride Ceramics

Classification of these types of silicon nitride ceramics is based on how they are produced and their exemplary properties.

Cerámica de nitruro de silicio sinterizado (SSN)

• Las cerámicas de nitruro de silicio sinterizado son materiales fabricados sin presión. sinterización fine powders in a nitrogen gas atmosphere (at high temperatures of around 1750°C). They are widely used in your applications due to their balance of cost and performance.

• SSN ceramics offer your product excellent mechanical strength, fracture toughness, and oxidation resistance. Their mechanical properties make them ideal for your industrial application in making automobile engines and bearings, or metal forming.

“Switching to SSN in our turbochargers helped us reduce failure rates by 55%…It has been flawless for over 18 months now, and helps us achieve materials with near-zero porosity.”

 — Dan J., ingeniero sénior de AutoSys Components

Hot-pressed Silicon Nitride Ceramics (HPSN)

• HPSN is made using uniaxial pressure during the sintering process. Magnesia is added to a fine Si3N4 powder, and then the powder is placed in a graphite die.

• HPSN is typically costly, but it offers your product superior density and mechanical properties. It’s therefore ideal for your applications that require extreme precision and thermal shock, such as semiconductor manufacturing.

“Las fresas HPSN han aumentado significativamente la velocidad y mejorado la eficiencia en el procesamiento de nuestras mangas”.

— Haoyu C., Director de Millcutters Ltd.

Reaction-bonded silicon Nitride Ceramics (RBSN)

• RBSN is made through a careful process involving nitriding a silicon dough or compact at approximately 1450°C. RBSN also shrinks very little during processing, making it suitable for near-net shape production. This makes this type of silicon nitride ceramics a fit for your use in par termoeléctrico tubos de protección y anillos aislantes.

“RBSN nos brindó una solución rentable para nuestros blindajes de termopar sin reducir la confiabilidad”.

— Carlos M., Lead at HeatWorks Ltd.. 

Nitruro de silicio sinterizado a presión de gas (GPSN)

• GPSN is obtained at very high nitrogen pressures, inhibiting the pyrolysis of silicon nitride and promoting the growth of Si3N4 grains. This ensures your process yields high-toughness ceramics with a high density.

• Compared to SSN, GPSN offers your application improved creep resistance at elevated temperatures. GPSN is an ideal choice for your production of wear-resistant components, nozzles, and dies for mid-range prices.

Cerámica de nitruro de silicio unido por reacción sinterizada (SRBSN)

• Sintered Reaction-Bonded Silicon Nitride Ceramics is based on RBSN, aimed at improving RBSN’s density and mechanical properties. SRBSN combines the shape-control benefits of RBSN with enhanced mechanical performance close to that of SSN.

Aplicaciones de la cerámica de nitruro de silicio para su industria

• Silicon nitride ceramics offer your application outstanding physical and chemical characteristics. These silicon nitride properties include thermal resistance, lightweight strength, and chemical inertness.

• Your ideal industry applications include automotive, aerospace, electronics, medical, and industrial.

• Silicon nitride is also perfect for your LED packaging due to its optical transparency and being highly compatible.

Benefits Your Process Gets From Using Silicon Nitride

• Ya sea que seas un ingeniero or designer, silicon nitride ceramic offers high strength, excellent thermal shock resistance, superior wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical insulation.

• And if you’re working in high-performance environments, expect longer equipment life, better efficiency, resilience, sustainability, and lower maintenance costs.

• El nitruro de silicio resuelve problemas de ingeniería, ofreciendo una solución fiable y de alto rendimiento para sustituir los metales que se degradan con el calor o la corrosión. Tomemos como ejemplo los rodamientos SSN, que reducen el desgaste, o las herramientas de corte GPSN, que conservan el filo durante más tiempo.

“El cambio a nitruro de silicio en varios componentes redujo nuestro tiempo de inactividad por mantenimiento en 44%”.

— Jing M., gerente de operaciones de AeroSeal

Tabla comparativa rápida de los distintos tipos de cerámica de nitruro de silicio

Tabla comparativa de cómo se comporta la cerámica de nitruro de silicio con otras cerámicas avanzadas

Cómo elegir el tipo adecuado de nitruro de silicio para su aplicación

• When choosing the right type of silicon nitride ceramic, compare the specs for your specific industry. Asses the temperature and load requirements, check how the budget fares, and then match those considerations with your industry’s required lifespan and precision. Plus, consider if dimensional stability or near-net shape is critical for your component.

Preguntas frecuentes sobre la cerámica de nitruro de silicio

¿Cuáles son los tipos de cerámica de nitruro de silicio?

Los cinco tipos principales de nitruro de silicio son SSN, HPSN, RBSN, GPSN y SRBSN.

¿Qué tipo de nitruro de silicio es más duradero?

HPSN ofrece la mayor durabilidad debido a su densidad y baja porosidad.

¿Se puede utilizar nitruro de silicio en electrónica?

Sí. El nitruro de silicio tiene propiedades aislantes y no corrosivas.

¿Es el nitruro de silicio adecuado para sus aplicaciones de alta temperatura?

Sí. La mayoría de los tipos de nitruro de silicio funcionan a temperaturas muy altas.

¿Es caro el nitruro de silicio?

Sus costos son relativamente más altos que los de las cerámicas o los metales convencionales, pero sus beneficios en durabilidad y rendimiento superan el costo.

Reflexiones finales y conclusiones

Silicon nitride is an advanced ceramic that solves your engineering problems. The different types, including SSN, HPSN, RBSN, GPSN, and SRBSN, offer your product excellent performance in harsh environments. Contact your proveedor today to request a quote or learn more about the strength, resilience, and reliability of silicon nitride ceramics.