Perkenalan
Pyrolytic Boron Nitride (PBN) and Pyrolytic Graphite (PG) have taken center stage when dealing with the functionality of high-temperature applications. This is because they are very efficient bahan tahan api. In this article, you will learn about PBN, and PG, their differences, real-world applications and how lucrative the business is in case you’re looking to invest.
Perbedaan Antara Boron Nitrida Pirolitik (PBN) dan Grafit Pirolitik (PG)
Pyrolytic boron nitride is a high-purity ceramic material produced through chemical vapor deposition. It is odorless and has a crystal structure that is hexagonal which makes people easily mistake it for Graphite. It goes by the trade name, PBN. Pyrolytic Boron Nitride is one of the strongest and purest forms of boron nitride (about 99.9% purity). The reason for this is because of the closely packed anisotropic structure and the intense heat it undergoes while being produced.
Pyrolytic graphite is a special graphite produced by decomposing hydrocarbon gas at extremely high temperatures in a vacuum furnace.
Characteristics of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride And Pyrolytic Graphite
PBN mostly has an orange or whitish appearance with a density of 2.15 g/cm3. The surface is smooth and without pores. The tensile strength of PBN is an impressive 153.84 N/mm2 and its elastic modulus is 235690 N/mm2. It has a dielectric strength of 56k V/mm and a very high thermal shock resistance which makes it able to withstand mechanical stress.
PBN’s strength increases with a rise in temperature until it reaches 2473o K. When the temperature rises to 3273o K, the pyrolytic boron nitride compound disintegrates into boron and nitride. Pyrolytic boron nitride has a low coefficient of expansion (2.1 x 10-6°/C) which makes it maintain a stable shape even under extreme temperatures and pressure.
Furthermore, the fact that it is chemically inert means it doesn’t get rust easily. Why? It’s sufficiently able to resist attacks from chemicals or acids.
Gambar 1: Boron nitrida pirolitik (PBN)
PG is a black solid that occurs mostly in the form of a disc, sheet, or plate. It has an ultimate tensile strength of 200 MPa. Its density falls between 1.30 and 2.265 g/cm3. It also has a perpendicular thermal conductivity of 80 W/m·K
Selain itu, PG dapat menahan ekspansi termal hingga 20 µm/m·°C. Resistivitas listrik tegak lurusnya berada di antara 0,15 dan 0,25 Ω·cm. Dengan demikian, kekuatan pamungkasnya terhadap kompresi, tekukan, dan tegangan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan suhu.
Gambar 2: Grafit pirolitik (PG)
Applications of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride (PBN) and Pyrolytic Graphite in High-Temperature Environments
Elektronika Daya Tinggi
PBN comprises ceramic matrix nanocomposites making it good for electrical insulation and allowing it to be stable and function effectively in high temperatures. It also means PBN can also help you produce high strength wafers for any high temperature demanding - power electronics device.
Pyrolytic Graphite tends to act more as an efficient heat dissipator in high-energy electronics you see today. It can make your equipment and gadgets last longer without overheating. PBN can also help you manufacture OLED Displays and LED Lights for electronics.
Pembuatan Semikonduktor
PBN and PG also play a significant role in the semiconductor industry. Crystal growth and efficient heat dissipation in semiconductors is enhanced using a wadah PBN karena sifatnya yang murni dan kapasitasnya untuk memastikan stabilitas termal. Hal ini memungkinkan komponen elektronik bekerja secara optimal karena tidak adanya kontaminasi.
Uniform heating in the wafer manufacturing process of semiconductors is the function of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). It’s this function that ensures the process of semiconductor fabrication. 
Gambar 3: Wadah PBN
Komponen Reaktor Nuklir
Bahan keramik tahan api pada PBN dan PG memungkinkan keduanya bertahan terhadap radiasi dan panas ekstrem. PG khususnya memiliki tingkat stabilitas yang tinggi, sehingga menjadikannya bahan yang cocok untuk merancang teras reaktor. Sebaliknya, sifat insulasi termal dan stabilitas kimia pada PBN memastikan keamanan dan efisiensi komponen reaktor.
Teknik Dirgantara
The refractory linings of aerospace machines, aeroplanes and jets make use of pyrolytic boron nitride materials because they tend to facilitate seamless function during flight and re-entry.
In particular, PG is composed of cmc composites that reinforce its capacity for thermal conduction which makes it a good heat shield to sensitive spacecraft components.
Obat
Most equipment used in sterilization use components made from PBN and PG due to the thermal stability it can provide as well as its biocompatible nature. This thermal stability allows for the production of medical implants that can survive intense conditions without being mordant.
Aplikasi Gelombang Mikro dan RF
The thermal stability and insulation properties of PBN allows it to function as major components of windows and substrates in microwaves. Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) can also efficiently dissipate heat in RF devices and make them function at an optimal level.
Bisnis Menguntungkan PGN dan PG
Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) and pyrolytic graphite (PG) carry huge potentials for major innovations in several lucrative industries. For instance, being in the PBN and PG business gives you an edge in the electrical industry. This is because of the rise in the interest of PBN-PG composite heating elements.
Elemen pemanas komposit PBN-PG sangat tahan lama. Deposisi uap kimia (CVD) digunakan untuk menempatkan PG pada elemen PBN guna menciptakan keramik tahan lama yang digunakan dalam semikonduktor. Semikonduktor ini merupakan komponen microchip di laptop, ponsel, robot, dll. Ini berarti bahwa elemen pemanas komposit PBN-PG sangat diminati.
Jika Anda ingin terjun ke bisnis ini, Anda pasti akan memperoleh keuntungan dan pertumbuhan yang besar. Elemen pemanas komposit PBN-PG menawarkan opsi yang lebih efisien bagi para insinyur, khususnya produsen laptop, ponsel, tablet, dll., yang memberi mereka opsi untuk menciptakan produk yang dapat menghilangkan panas dengan mudah.
Gbr. 4: Elemen pemanas komposit PBN-PG
PBN is an ideal product component of break rings for horizontal casting machines. If you also need an insulator for a high-temperature furnace or vacuum system, you would be better off using PBN.
Furthermore, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is utilized in x-ray spectrometry as a dispersive component. Manufacturers in the plastic industry use PG to reinforce plastic products. PBN also plays a key role in the automotive industry due to its effective wear resistance as it helps to increase the longevity of motor spare parts or even the engines by reducing wear and tears from friction.
Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan (FAQ)
Apa Perbedaan Utama Antara Boron Nitrida Pirolitik (PBN) dan Grafit Pirolitik (PG)?
Perbedaan utama antara PBN dan PG terletak pada komposisinya. PG memiliki konduktivitas termal yang jauh lebih tinggi daripada PBN – PG merupakan konduktor listrik sedangkan PBN merupakan isolator. Berkat sifat-sifat tersebut, PBN lebih efisien dalam hal ketahanan termal yang tinggi.
Apa itu Material Tahan Api?
Bahan tahan api hanyalah isolator termal. Bahan ini memiliki sifat yang memungkinkannya menahan suhu yang sangat tinggi. Bahan ini juga sangat tahan terhadap serangan kimia dan guncangan.
Kesimpulan
Boron nitrida pirolitik dan grafit pirolitik membuat langkah besar dalam industri elektronik dan kedirgantaraan. Khususnya, PBN memastikan ketahanan termal, melindungi komponen perangkat bersuhu tinggi dari kerusakan akibat suhu tinggi. PG menghilangkan panas dalam komponen listrik.